Caer has several idiomatic uses:

• Este vestido le cae bien: This dress fits her well.
• Caer en gracia: To fall into the good graces of one.
• La puerta cae a oriente: The door is on the east side.
• Ya caigo, ya caigo en ello: Now I understand.
• Caerse redondo: To fall flat.

Dar:

• Dar en el clavo (= acertar): To hit it, to get it right.
• Dar por concedido: To grant for the sake of argument.
• Lo doy por bueno: I consider it as good.
• Dar los naipes: To deal cards.
• Dar la enhorabuena, el pésame, los buenos días: To congratulate, to condole with, to wish good day.
• Dar la hora: To strike the hour.
• Dar en caprichos: To give oneself up to whims.
• Dar en un error: To find an error.
• Darse preso: To give oneself up.
• Darse al estudio: To apply or devote oneself to study.
• Dar a creer: To make believe.
• Dar con una persona: To find or come across a person.
• No se me da nada: I do not care a bit.
• Ahí me las den todas: I do not care a bit.

Many other idioms are formed with dar for which a good dictionary should be consulted.

dejar de - to cease from, to omit, to fail to.

• Dejemos de hablar: Let us cease talking.
• Dejó de hacerme la remesa que me había prometido: He omitted (stopped) to send me the remittance he promised me.
• No dejaré de ejecutar su orden: I shall not fail to execute your order.

Echar - to throw. Forms also many idioms for which the dictionary should be consulted:

• Echar a correr, a reir, etc.: To start running, laughing, etc.
• Echar a perder: To spoil, to ruin.
• Echar de beber: To pour out drink.
• Echar de ver: To perceive, to notice.
• Esto se echa de ver: This is obvious.
• Echar menos o de menos: To miss, to feel the want of.
• Echar la llave, el cerrojo, la tranca: To lock, to bolt, to bar (the door).
• Echar la culpa: To lay the blame.
• Echar mano: To lay hold, to lay hands upon.
• Echar un cigarillo, un puro: To smoke a cigarette, a cigar.

Estar - to be.

• Estar en que: To be of opinion.
• Estar por: To be in favour of.
• Estar para: To be on the point of.
• Estar por hacer: To be yet to be done.

Faltar - to fail, to be wanting.

• Faltó a la promesa: He failed to his promise.
• Me faltan cinco duros: I am short of five dollars.

Guardarse de - to take care, to guard against
It carries with it a negative meaning.

• Me guardaré bien de hacerlo: I shall take care not to do it.
  ("I shall take care to do it" would be translated "cuidaré de hacerlo.")

hacerse - to become
ponerse - to become
volverse - to become
llegar a ser - to become
when this is not rendered by turning the English adjective into a verb, as:

• Se hizo todo un inglés: He became quite an Englishman.
• Se puso colorado: He became red in the face.
• Se volvió loco de contento: He became mad with joy.
• Llegó a ser famoso: He became famous.
• Se enriqueció: He became rich.

hacer una cosa - to have a thing done.

• Me hice enviar los bultos: I had the packages sent to me.
• Hice escribir una carta: I had a letter written.

Llevar - to carry, to wear.

• Llevar a mal: To take amiss.
• Llevarse bien con todos: To get on with everybody.
• Llevarse chasco: To be disappointed.
• Llevar puesto: To wear.
• Llévese usted estos valores: Take these securities with you.

Meter bulla - to make a noise, to shout, to clamour.

Volver - to return, i.e., to come or go again is used before an infinitive to denote a repetition of its action:

• Volver a decir: To say again.
• Decir otra vez: To say again.
• Decir de nuevo: To say again.